Qumran: The Site of the Dead Sea Scrolls

 

Mireille Bélis

(Ecole Biblique et Archéologique Française de Jérusalem)

 

THE WORKSHOP AT AIN FESHKAH: A NEW HYPOTHESIS

 

R. de Vaux excavated Aïn Feshkha in 1956 and 1958. As soon as he discovered a system of channels and vats located in the northeastern corner of the site, apart from the main building, he identified these installations as workshops devoted to an industrial use, preparation and treatment of the animal skins for the Qumran scriptorium.
He took samples and had them analysed but didn't get the conclusive results he expected, since they contained no traces of tan. Nevertheless, he never abandoned his theory of a tannery, even if he expressed the wish that some other interpretation be proposed.
Nearly fifty years later, no satisfactory hypothesis has been suggested. The question remains to determine the industry the complex was devoted to. Was there any link between it and any of the archaeological artefacts discovered in the Qumran settlement, in its caves or those of the cliffs?
My purpose is precisely to re-examine closely the architectural features of the workshops and their water system, in order to express a new interpretation of the whole area, based upon de Vaux's notes de chantier and illustrated by unpublished photographs taken during the excavations and belonging to the Ecole Biblique collections.