Qumran: The Site of the Dead Sea Scrolls

 

Jan Gunneweg

(Hebrew University of Jerusalem)

 

Neutron Activation Analysis

 

After fifty years of intense scroll studies, the archaeology in Qumran is viewed from a different perspective, i.e. through the provenance of its pottery by neutron activation analysis. NAA has often in the past provided objective data that has remained unquestioned until the present. We, therefore, were confident that the nuclear technique would also be helpful this time. Our initial goal was to obtain an objective clue that would be able to link the Qumran caves and their content with the building complex excavated in the early 1950's by the late Roland de Vaux. The newly obtained factual evidence will certainly enlighten many current inquiries, while raising other questions.
The overall picture is that we have been able to trace most of the scroll jars to where they were made as well as other pottery that point to relations between the Essene (or other sectarian) community with the environment in the Dead Sea area.