Qumran: The Site of the Dead Sea Scrolls

 

James F. Strange

(University of South Florida)

 

The 1996 Excavations at Qumran: The Context of the Ostrakon

 

From Jan 31 to Feb. 6, 1996 I directed investigations on the plateau south of the ruins at Qumran. Geophysical surveys of the plateau with soil interface radar and sonar disclosed two possible voids at the same level as cave 10 to the south. Inspection of that level from the vantage of cave 4 suggested that there was a dense rock layer at that level (about 16.5 m. in depth) that extended throughout the entire terrace of Qumran. Further, work before excavation included an extensive resistivity survey in the plateau and within the ruin itself. The resistivity readings tended to confirm the hypothesis of the existence of voids in the same places disclosed by the radar, plus one other void next to the shade (structure/kiosk) on the west side of the plateau. Excavation proceeded to the depth and in the location of "Target 5" using mechanical equipment. Upon reaching the required depth, no void was encountered. The decision was made to stop the probes. The site was then back filled and cleared. In the clean up a few sherds were scraped up at the east face of the long wall, which divides the plateau from the cemetery. One of the sherds was inscribed in Hebrew and has since been published. The results of the geophysical surveys and the context of the ostrakon are under discussion in this paper.